Nutrition glossary
Definitions: BMR, TDEE, macros, BMI, calorie deficit and more.
BMR (basal metabolic rate)
Energy burned at rest to maintain vital functions (breathing, circulation, temperature).
TDEE
Total Daily Energy Expenditure — full daily burn including activity and digestion.
Macronutrient
Protein, fat or carbohydrate — nutrients providing energy in significant amounts.
Micronutrient
Vitamins and minerals needed in small amounts (iron, vitamin D, etc.).
Calorie deficit
Consuming fewer calories than expenditure, leading to weight loss.
Calorie surplus
Consuming more than expenditure, supporting weight or muscle gain.
BMI
Body Mass Index = weight (kg) ÷ height² (m). Simple but limited indicator.
Protein
Macronutrient built from amino acids; essential for muscle and tissue repair.
Carbohydrate
Fast energy source for brain and muscles; includes sugars and starches.
Fat
Dietary lipid; dense energy source and hormonal precursor.
Glycemic index
How quickly a food raises blood sugar. Low = slower rise.
Fiber
Indigestible carbohydrates supporting satiety and digestive health.
Hydration
Water intake needed for cellular function, thermoregulation and transport.
Mifflin-St Jeor
Reference equation to estimate BMR from weight, height, age and sex.
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